The idea of universal health coverage (UHC) as a goal of health policy has gained wide acceptance at country and global levels. UHC is now a fixture of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in September 2015. Under Goal 3 of the SDGs, the “health goal”, Target 3.8 aims to “Achieve UHC, including financial risk protection, access to quality essential health care services and access to safe, effective, quality and affordable essential medicines and vaccines for all.” The goals of UHC are closely aligned with the USAID priorities of Ending Preventable Maternal and Child Deaths (EPCMD) and creating an AIDS-Free Generation (AFG), and USAID has supported UHC reforms in many countries.