India has one of the world’s highest rates of out-of-pocket (OOP) spending on health. OOP spending in India accounts for 67.1 percent of total health spending, whereas the global average is 29 percent. The high OOP spending on health puts a financial burden on poor and vulnerable families by presenting a barrier to utilization (first-time and continuity of treatment and care); it can affect the health-seeking behavior of those who cannot afford to pay. Those poor families who do seek care may have to forgo spending on other basic necessities such as food, clothing, housing, and education; in many cases, the family is pushed into poverty.